A Group with a Prime Power Order Elements Has Order a Power of the Prime.

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• Are Groups of Order 100, 200 Simple? Determine whether a group $G$ of the following order is simple or not. (a) $|G|=100$. (b) $|G|=200$.   Hint. Use Sylow's theorem and determine the number of $5$-Sylow subgroup of the group $G$. Check out the post Sylow’s Theorem (summary) for a review of Sylow's […]
• If a Sylow Subgroup is Normal in a Normal Subgroup, it is a Normal Subgroup Let $G$ be a finite group. Suppose that $p$ is a prime number that divides the order of $G$. Let $N$ be a normal subgroup of $G$ and let $P$ be a $p$-Sylow subgroup of $G$. Show that if $P$ is normal in $N$, then $P$ is a normal subgroup of $G$.   Hint. It follows from […]
• The Index of the Center of a Non-Abelian $p$-Group is Divisible by $p^2$ Let $p$ be a prime number. Let $G$ be a non-abelian $p$-group. Show that the index of the center of $G$ is divisible by $p^2$. Proof. Suppose the order of the group $G$ is $p^a$, for some $a \in \Z$. Let $Z(G)$ be the center of $G$. Since $Z(G)$ is a subgroup of $G$, the order […]
• Subgroup Containing All $p$-Sylow Subgroups of a Group Suppose that $G$ is a finite group of order $p^an$, where $p$ is a prime number and $p$ does not divide $n$. Let $N$ be a normal subgroup of $G$ such that the index $|G: N|$ is relatively prime to $p$. Then show that $N$ contains all $p$-Sylow subgroups of […]
• Finite Group and a Unique Solution of an Equation Let $G$ be a finite group of order $n$ and let $m$ be an integer that is relatively prime to $n=|G|$. Show that for any $a\in G$, there exists a unique element $b\in G$ such that \[b^m=a.\]   We give two proofs. Proof 1. Since $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime […]
• If a Group is of Odd Order, then Any Nonidentity Element is Not Conjugate to its Inverse Let $G$ be a finite group of odd order. Assume that $x \in G$ is not the identity element. Show that $x$ is not conjugate to $x^{-1}$.   Proof. Assume the contrary, that is, assume that there exists $g \in G$ such that $gx^{-1}g^{-1}=x$. Then we have \[xg=gx^{-1}. […]
• Sylow’s Theorem (Summary) In this post we review Sylow's theorem and as an example we solve the following problem. Show that a group of order $200$ has a normal Sylow $5$-subgroup. Review of Sylow's Theorem One of the important theorems in group theory is Sylow's theorem. Sylow's theorem is a […]
• Every Group of Order 12 Has a Normal Subgroup of Order 3 or 4 Let $G$ be a group of order $12$. Prove that $G$ has a normal subgroup of order $3$ or $4$.   Hint. Use Sylow's theorem. (See Sylow’s Theorem (Summary) for a review of Sylow's theorem.) Recall that if there is a unique Sylow $p$-subgroup in a group $GH$, then it is […]