Each element of $G/N$ is a coset $aN$ for some $a\in G$.
Let $aN, bN$ be arbitrary elements of $G/N$, where $a, b\in G$.
Then we have
\begin{align*}
(aN)(bN)&=(ab)N \\
&=(ba)N && \text{since $G$ is abelian}\\
&=(bN)(aN).
\end{align*}
Here the first and the third equality is the definition of the group operation of $G/N$.
Remark
Since $N$ is a normal subgroup of $G$, the set of left cosets $G/H$ becomes a group with group operation
\[(aN)(bN)=(ab)N\]
for any $a, b\in G$.
Related Question.
As an application, try the following problem.
Problem.
Let $H$ and $K$ be normal subgroups of a group $G$. Suppose that $H < K$ and the quotient group $G/H$ is abelian. Then prove that $G/K$ is also an abelian group.
Torsion Subgroup of an Abelian Group, Quotient is a Torsion-Free Abelian Group
Let $A$ be an abelian group and let $T(A)$ denote the set of elements of $A$ that have finite order.
(a) Prove that $T(A)$ is a subgroup of $A$.
(The subgroup $T(A)$ is called the torsion subgroup of the abelian group $A$ and elements of $T(A)$ are called torsion […]
Two Quotients Groups are Abelian then Intersection Quotient is Abelian
Let $K, N$ be normal subgroups of a group $G$. Suppose that the quotient groups $G/K$ and $G/N$ are both abelian groups.
Then show that the group
\[G/(K \cap N)\]
is also an abelian group.
Hint.
We use the following fact to prove the problem.
Lemma: For a […]
Commutator Subgroup and Abelian Quotient Group
Let $G$ be a group and let $D(G)=[G,G]$ be the commutator subgroup of $G$.
Let $N$ be a subgroup of $G$.
Prove that the subgroup $N$ is normal in $G$ and $G/N$ is an abelian group if and only if $N \supset D(G)$.
Definitions.
Recall that for any $a, b \in G$, the […]
Normal Subgroups, Isomorphic Quotients, But Not Isomorphic
Let $G$ be a group. Suppose that $H_1, H_2, N_1, N_2$ are all normal subgroup of $G$, $H_1 \lhd N_2$, and $H_2 \lhd N_2$.
Suppose also that $N_1/H_1$ is isomorphic to $N_2/H_2$. Then prove or disprove that $N_1$ is isomorphic to $N_2$.
Proof.
We give a […]
Any Subgroup of Index 2 in a Finite Group is Normal
Show that any subgroup of index $2$ in a group is a normal subgroup.
Hint.
Left (right) cosets partition the group into disjoint sets.
Consider both left and right cosets.
Proof.
Let $H$ be a subgroup of index $2$ in a group $G$.
Let $e \in G$ be the identity […]
If Quotient $G/H$ is Abelian Group and $H < K \triangleleft G$, then $G/K$ is Abelian
Let $H$ and $K$ be normal subgroups of a group $G$.
Suppose that $H < K$ and the quotient group $G/H$ is abelian.
Then prove that $G/K$ is also an abelian group.
Solution.
We will give two proofs.
Hint (The third isomorphism theorem)
Recall the third […]
Group of Order 18 is Solvable
Let $G$ be a finite group of order $18$.
Show that the group $G$ is solvable.
Definition
Recall that a group $G$ is said to be solvable if $G$ has a subnormal series
\[\{e\}=G_0 \triangleleft G_1 \triangleleft G_2 \triangleleft \cdots \triangleleft G_n=G\]
such […]
[…] that [G/K cong (G/H)/(G/K).] Since the group $G/H$ is abelian by assumption, and in general a quotient group of an abelian group is abelian, it follows $(G/H)/(G/K)$ is an abelian […]
1 Response
[…] that [G/K cong (G/H)/(G/K).] Since the group $G/H$ is abelian by assumption, and in general a quotient group of an abelian group is abelian, it follows $(G/H)/(G/K)$ is an abelian […]