Independent and Dependent Events of Three Coins Tossing
Suppose that three fair coins are tossed. Let $H_1$ be the event that the first coin lands heads and let $H_2$ be the event that the second coin lands heads. Also, let $E$ be the event that exactly two coins lands heads in a row.
For each pair of these events, determine whether […]
Galois Group of the Polynomial $x^2-2$
Let $\Q$ be the field of rational numbers.
(a) Is the polynomial $f(x)=x^2-2$ separable over $\Q$?
(b) Find the Galois group of $f(x)$ over $\Q$.
Solution.
(a) The polynomial $f(x)=x^2-2$ is separable over $\Q$
The roots of the polynomial $f(x)$ are $\pm […]
A Group with a Prime Power Order Elements Has Order a Power of the Prime.
Let $p$ be a prime number. Suppose that the order of each element of a finite group $G$ is a power of $p$. Then prove that $G$ is a $p$-group. Namely, the order of $G$ is a power of $p$.
Hint.
You may use Sylow's theorem.
For a review of Sylow's theorem, please check out […]
Diagonalize a 2 by 2 Symmetric Matrix
Diagonalize the $2\times 2$ matrix $A=\begin{bmatrix}
2 & -1\\
-1& 2
\end{bmatrix}$ by finding a nonsingular matrix $S$ and a diagonal matrix $D$ such that $S^{-1}AS=D$.
Solution.
The characteristic polynomial $p(t)$ of the matrix $A$ […]
Find a Basis for Nullspace, Row Space, and Range of a Matrix
Let $A=\begin{bmatrix}
2 & 4 & 6 & 8 \\
1 &3 & 0 & 5 \\
1 & 1 & 6 & 3
\end{bmatrix}$.
(a) Find a basis for the nullspace of $A$.
(b) Find a basis for the row space of $A$.
(c) Find a basis for the range of $A$ that consists of column vectors of $A$.
(d) […]
Find the Inverse Matrices if Matrices are Invertible by Elementary Row Operations
For each of the following $3\times 3$ matrices $A$, determine whether $A$ is invertible and find the inverse $A^{-1}$ if exists by computing the augmented matrix $[A|I]$, where $I$ is the $3\times 3$ identity matrix.
(a) $A=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 3 & -2 \\
2 &3 &0 \\
[…]
If $A^{\trans}A=A$, then $A$ is a Symmetric Idempotent Matrix
Let $A$ be a square matrix such that
\[A^{\trans}A=A,\]
where $A^{\trans}$ is the transpose matrix of $A$.
Prove that $A$ is idempotent, that is, $A^2=A$. Also, prove that $A$ is a symmetric matrix.
Hint.
Recall the basic properties of transpose […]
A Linear Transformation Maps the Zero Vector to the Zero Vector
Let $T : \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^m$ be a linear transformation.
Let $\mathbf{0}_n$ and $\mathbf{0}_m$ be zero vectors of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $\mathbb{R}^m$, respectively.
Show that $T(\mathbf{0}_n)=\mathbf{0}_m$.
(The Ohio State University Linear Algebra […]