triangle2018

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• Eckmann–Hilton Argument: Group Operation is a Group Homomorphism Let $G$ be a group with the identity element $e$ and suppose that we have a group homomorphism $\phi$ from the direct product $G \times G$ to $G$ satisfying \[\phi(e, g)=g \text{ and } \phi(g, e)=g, \tag{*}\] for any $g\in G$. Let $\mu: G\times G \to G$ be a map defined […]
• Group of Order $pq$ is Either Abelian or the Center is Trivial Let $G$ be a group of order $|G|=pq$, where $p$ and $q$ are (not necessarily distinct) prime numbers. Then show that $G$ is either abelian group or the center $Z(G)=1$. Hint. Use the result of the problem "If the Quotient by the Center is Cyclic, then the Group is […]
• Find a Linear Transformation Whose Image (Range) is a Given Subspace Let $V$ be the subspace of $\R^4$ defined by the equation \[x_1-x_2+2x_3+6x_4=0.\] Find a linear transformation $T$ from $\R^3$ to $\R^4$ such that the null space $\calN(T)=\{\mathbf{0}\}$ and the range $\calR(T)=V$. Describe $T$ by its matrix […]
• A Linear Transformation Maps the Zero Vector to the Zero Vector Let $T : \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^m$ be a linear transformation. Let $\mathbf{0}_n$ and $\mathbf{0}_m$ be zero vectors of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $\mathbb{R}^m$, respectively. Show that $T(\mathbf{0}_n)=\mathbf{0}_m$. (The Ohio State University Linear Algebra […]
• Prove that the Center of Matrices is a Subspace Let $V$ be the vector space of $n \times n$ matrices with real coefficients, and define \[ W = \{ \mathbf{v} \in V \mid \mathbf{v} \mathbf{w} = \mathbf{w} \mathbf{v} \mbox{ for all } \mathbf{w} \in V \}.\] The set $W$ is called the center of $V$. Prove that $W$ is a subspace […]
• Linear Independent Vectors, Invertible Matrix, and Expression of a Vector as a Linear Combinations Consider the matrix \[A=\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 1 \\ 2 &5 &4 \\ 1 & 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}.\] (a) Calculate the inverse matrix $A^{-1}$. If you think the matrix $A$ is not invertible, then explain why. (b) Are the vectors \[ […]
• All Linear Transformations that Take the Line $y=x$ to the Line $y=-x$ Determine all linear transformations of the $2$-dimensional $x$-$y$ plane $\R^2$ that take the line $y=x$ to the line $y=-x$.   Solution. Let $T:\R^2 \to \R^2$ be a linear transformation that maps the line $y=x$ to the line $y=-x$. Note that the linear […]
• Is the Following Function $T:\R^2 \to \R^3$ a Linear Transformation? Determine whether the function $T:\R^2 \to \R^3$ defined by \[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \end{bmatrix} \,\right) = \begin{bmatrix} x_+y \\ x+1 \\ 3y \end{bmatrix}\] is a linear transformation.   Solution. The […]