Consider the matrix $A=\begin{bmatrix}
a & -b\\
b& a
\end{bmatrix}$, where $a$ and $b$ are real numbers and $b\neq 0$.
(a) Find all eigenvalues of $A$.
(b) For each eigenvalue of $A$, determine the eigenspace $E_{\lambda}$.
(c) Diagonalize the matrix $A$ by finding a nonsingular matrix $S$ and a diagonal matrix $D$ such that $S^{-1}AS=D$.
Add to solve later Let
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
a & b\\
-b& a
\end{bmatrix}\]
be a $2\times 2$ matrix, where $a, b$ are real numbers.
Suppose that $b\neq 0$.
Prove that the matrix $A$ does not have real eigenvalues.
Add to solve later Prove that the matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 1\\
-1& 0
\end{bmatrix}\]
is diagonalizable.
Prove, however, that $A$ cannot be diagonalized by a real nonsingular matrix.
That is, there is no real nonsingular matrix $S$ such that $S^{-1}AS$ is a diagonal matrix.
Add to solve later Find all the eigenvalues of the matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 &0 & 1 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
1 & 0 & 0 & 0
\end{bmatrix}.\]
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Final Exam Problem)
Add to solve later Let $A$ be a $3\times 3$ real orthogonal matrix with $\det(A)=1$.
(a) If $\frac{-1+\sqrt{3}i}{2}$ is one of the eigenvalues of $A$, then find the all the eigenvalues of $A$.
(b) Let
\[A^{100}=aA^2+bA+cI,\]
where $I$ is the $3\times 3$ identity matrix.
Using the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, determine $a, b, c$.
(Kyushu University, Linear Algebra Exam Problem)
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Add to solve later Determine whether the matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 1 & 0 \\
-1 &0 &0 \\
0 & 0 & 2
\end{bmatrix}\]
is diagonalizable.
If it is diagonalizable, then find the invertible matrix $S$ and a diagonal matrix $D$ such that $S^{-1}AS=D$.
Add to solve later 
