Tagged: diagonalization of a matrix

Solve the Linear Dynamical System $\frac{\mathrm{d}\mathbf{x}}{\mathrm{d}t} =A\mathbf{x}$ by Diagonalization

Problem 667

(a) Find all solutions of the linear dynamical system
\[\frac{\mathrm{d}\mathbf{x}}{\mathrm{d}t} =\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0\\
0& 3
\end{bmatrix}\mathbf{x},\] where $\mathbf{x}(t)=\mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2
\end{bmatrix}$ is a function of the variable $t$.

(b) Solve the linear dynamical system
\[\frac{\mathrm{d}\mathbf{x}}{\mathrm{d}t}=\begin{bmatrix}
2 & -1\\
-1& 2
\end{bmatrix}\mathbf{x}\] with the initial value $\mathbf{x}(0)=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
3
\end{bmatrix}$.

 
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Diagonalize the $2\times 2$ Hermitian Matrix by a Unitary Matrix

Problem 585

Consider the Hermitian matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & i\\
-i& 1
\end{bmatrix}.\]

(a) Find the eigenvalues of $A$.

(b) For each eigenvalue of $A$, find the eigenvectors.

(c) Diagonalize the Hermitian matrix $A$ by a unitary matrix. Namely, find a diagonal matrix $D$ and a unitary matrix $U$ such that $U^{-1}AU=D$.

 
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Diagonalize the Complex Symmetric 3 by 3 Matrix with $\sin x$ and $\cos x$

Problem 533

Consider the complex matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
\sqrt{2}\cos x & i \sin x & 0 \\
i \sin x &0 &-i \sin x \\
0 & -i \sin x & -\sqrt{2} \cos x
\end{bmatrix},\] where $x$ is a real number between $0$ and $2\pi$.

Determine for which values of $x$ the matrix $A$ is diagonalizable.
When $A$ is diagonalizable, find a diagonal matrix $D$ so that $P^{-1}AP=D$ for some nonsingular matrix $P$.

 
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Top 10 Popular Math Problems in 2016-2017

It’s been a year since I started this math blog!!

More than 500 problems were posted during a year (July 19th 2016-July 19th 2017).

I made a list of the 10 math problems on this blog that have the most views.

Can you solve all of them?


The level of difficulty among the top 10 problems.
【★★★】 Difficult (Final Exam Level)
【★★☆】 Standard(Midterm Exam Level)
【★☆☆】 Easy (Homework Level)
 
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Diagonalize a 2 by 2 Matrix $A$ and Calculate the Power $A^{100}$

Problem 466

Let
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 2\\
4& 3
\end{bmatrix}.\]

(a) Find eigenvalues of the matrix $A$.

(b) Find eigenvectors for each eigenvalue of $A$.

(c) Diagonalize the matrix $A$. That is, find an invertible matrix $S$ and a diagonal matrix $D$ such that $S^{-1}AS=D$.

(d) Diagonalize the matrix $A^3-5A^2+3A+I$, where $I$ is the $2\times 2$ identity matrix.

(e) Calculate $A^{100}$. (You do not have to compute $5^{100}$.)

(f) Calculate
\[(A^3-5A^2+3A+I)^{100}.\] Let $w=2^{100}$. Express the solution in terms of $w$.

 
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If Two Matrices Have the Same Eigenvalues with Linearly Independent Eigenvectors, then They Are Equal

Problem 424

Let $A$ and $B$ be $n\times n$ matrices.
Suppose that $A$ and $B$ have the same eigenvalues $\lambda_1, \dots, \lambda_n$ with the same corresponding eigenvectors $\mathbf{x}_1, \dots, \mathbf{x}_n$.
Prove that if the eigenvectors $\mathbf{x}_1, \dots, \mathbf{x}_n$ are linearly independent, then $A=B$.

 
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