# Tagged: induction

## Problem 567

Prove the following identity for any positive integer $n$.
$\begin{bmatrix} \cos \theta & -\sin \theta\\ \sin \theta& \cos \theta \end{bmatrix}^n=\begin{bmatrix} \cos n\theta & -\sin n\theta\\ \sin n\theta& \cos n\theta \end{bmatrix}.$

## Problem 383

Let
$A=\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 &0 &1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ be a $3\times 3$ matrix. Then find the formula for $A^n$ for any positive integer $n$.

## Problem 300

Let $A$ be the coefficient matrix of the system of linear equations
\begin{align*}
-x_1-2x_2&=1\\
2x_1+3x_2&=-1.
\end{align*}

(a) Solve the system by finding the inverse matrix $A^{-1}$.

(b) Let $\mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix} x_1 \\ x_2 \end{bmatrix}$ be the solution of the system obtained in part (a).
Calculate and simplify
$A^{2017}\mathbf{x}.$

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm Exam Problem)

## Problem 114

Let
$A=\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 2 \\ 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix} \text{ and } \mathbf{u}=\begin{bmatrix} 1\\ 0 \end{bmatrix}.$ Compute $A^{2017}\mathbf{u}$.

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Exam)
Let $A=\begin{bmatrix} a & 0\\ 0& b \end{bmatrix}$.
(1) $A^n=\begin{bmatrix} a^n & 0\\ 0& b^n \end{bmatrix}$ for any $n \in \N$.
(2) Let $B=S^{-1}AS$, where $S$ be an invertible $2 \times 2$ matrix.
Show that $B^n=S^{-1}A^n S$ for any $n \in \N$