Tagged: normal subgroup

Problem 94

Let $H$ be a subgroup of order $2$. Let $N_G(H)$ be the normalizer of $H$ in $G$ and $C_G(H)$ be the centralizer of $H$ in $G$.

(a) Show that $N_G(H)=C_G(H)$.

(b) If $H$ is a normal subgroup of $G$, then show that $H$ is a subgroup of the center $Z(G)$ of $G$.

Problem 81

Let $G$ be a group of order $|G|=pqr$, where $p,q,r$ are prime numbers such that $p<q<r$.

Show that $G$ has a normal subgroup of order either $p,q$ or $r$.

Problem 74

(a) Show that if a group $G$ has the following order, then it is not simple.

1. $28$
2. $496$
3. $8128$

(b) Show that if the order of a group $G$ is equal to an even perfect number then the group is not simple.

Sylow’s Theorem (Summary)

In this post we review Sylow’s theorem and as an example we solve the following problem.

Problem 64

Show that a group of order $200$ has a normal Sylow $5$-subgroup.

Problem 49

Let $A$ and $B$ be normal subgroups of a group $G$. Suppose $A\cap B=\{e\}$, where $e$ is the unit element of the group $G$.
Show that for any $a \in A$ and $b \in B$ we have $ab=ba$.

Problem 22

Definition (automorphism).

An isomorphism from a group $G$ to itself is called an automorphism of $G$.
The set of all automorphism is denoted by $\Aut(G)$.

Definition (characteristic subgroup).

A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is called characteristic in $G$ if for any $\phi \in \Aut(G)$, we have $\phi(H)=H$. In words, this means that each automorphism of $G$ maps $H$ to itself.

Prove the followings.

(a) If $H$ is characteristic in $G$, then $H$ is a normal subgroup of $G$.

(b) If $H$ is the unique subgroup of $G$ of a given order, then $H$ is characteristic in $G$.

(c) Suppose that a subgroup $K$ is characteristic in a group $H$ and $H$ is a normal subgroup of $G$. Then $K$ is a normal subgroup in $G$.

Problem 16

Show that any subgroup of index $2$ in a group is a normal subgroup.

Problem 3

Let $H$ be a normal subgroup of a group $G$.
Then show that $N:=[H, G]$ is a subgroup of $H$ and $N \triangleleft G$.

Here $[H, G]$ is a subgroup of $G$ generated by commutators $[h,k]:=hkh^{-1}k^{-1}$.

In particular, the commutator subgroup $[G, G]$ is a normal subgroup of $G$