Tagged: Ohio State.LA

Quiz 12. Find Eigenvalues and their Algebraic and Geometric Multiplicities

Problem 376

(a) Let
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
1 &1 & 1 & 1 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{bmatrix}.\] Find the eigenvalues of the matrix $A$. Also give the algebraic multiplicity of each eigenvalue.

(b) Let
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
1 &1 & 1 & 1 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 1 & 1 & 1
\end{bmatrix}.\] One of the eigenvalues of the matrix $A$ is $\lambda=0$. Find the geometric multiplicity of the eigenvalue $\lambda=0$.

 
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Find Matrix Representation of Linear Transformation From $\R^2$ to $\R^2$

Problem 370

Let $T: \R^2 \to \R^2$ be a linear transformation such that
\[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix} \,\right)=\begin{bmatrix}
4 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}, T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1
\end{bmatrix} \,\right)=\begin{bmatrix}
3 \\
2
\end{bmatrix}.\] Then find the matrix $A$ such that $T(\mathbf{x})=A\mathbf{x}$ for every $\mathbf{x}\in \R^2$, and find the rank and nullity of $T$.

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Exam Problem)
 
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Rank and Nullity of Linear Transformation From $\R^3$ to $\R^2$

Problem 369

Let $T:\R^3 \to \R^2$ be a linear transformation such that
\[ T(\mathbf{e}_1)=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix}, T(\mathbf{e}_2)=\begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}, T(\mathbf{e}_3)=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix},\] where $\mathbf{e}_1, \mathbf{e}_2, \mathbf{e}_3$ are the standard basis of $\R^3$.
Then find the rank and the nullity of $T$.

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Exam Problem)
 
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Determine a Value of Linear Transformation From $\R^3$ to $\R^2$

Problem 368

Let $T$ be a linear transformation from $\R^3$ to $\R^2$ such that
\[ T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix}\,\right) =\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
2
\end{bmatrix} \text{ and }T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}\,\right)=\begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}. \] Then find $T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1 \\
2
\end{bmatrix} \,\right)$.

 
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Exam Problem)
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Basis of Span in Vector Space of Polynomials of Degree 2 or Less

Problem 367

Let $P_2$ be the vector space of all polynomials of degree $2$ or less with real coefficients.
Let
\[S=\{1+x+2x^2, \quad x+2x^2, \quad -1, \quad x^2\}\] be the set of four vectors in $P_2$.

Then find a basis of the subspace $\Span(S)$ among the vectors in $S$.

(Linear Algebra Exam Problem, the Ohio State University)
 
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Determine Whether Trigonometry Functions $\sin^2(x), \cos^2(x), 1$ are Linearly Independent or Dependent

Problem 365

Let $f(x)=\sin^2(x)$, $g(x)=\cos^2(x)$, and $h(x)=1$. These are vectors in $C[-1, 1]$.
Determine whether the set $\{f(x), \, g(x), \, h(x)\}$ is linearly dependent or linearly independent.

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm Exam Problem)
 
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True or False Problems of Vector Spaces and Linear Transformations

Problem 364

These are True or False problems.
For each of the following statements, determine if it contains a wrong information or not.

  1. Let $A$ be a $5\times 3$ matrix. Then the range of $A$ is a subspace in $\R^3$.
  2. The function $f(x)=x^2+1$ is not in the vector space $C[-1,1]$ because $f(0)=1\neq 0$.
  3. Since we have $\sin(x+y)=\sin(x)+\sin(y)$, the function $\sin(x)$ is a linear transformation.
  4. The set
    \[\left\{\, \begin{bmatrix}
    1 \\
    0 \\
    0
    \end{bmatrix}, \begin{bmatrix}
    0 \\
    1 \\
    1
    \end{bmatrix} \,\right\}\] is an orthonormal set.

(Linear Algebra Exam Problem, The Ohio State University)

 
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Quiz 11. Find Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors/ Properties of Determinants

Problem 363

(a) Find all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
3 & -2\\
6& -4
\end{bmatrix}.\]

(b) Let
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0 & 3 \\
4 &5 &6 \\
7 & 0 & 9
\end{bmatrix} \text{ and } B=\begin{bmatrix}
2 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 3 &0 \\
0 & 0 & 4
\end{bmatrix}.\] Then find the value of
\[\det(A^2B^{-1}A^{-2}B^2).\] (For part (b) without computation, you may assume that $A$ and $B$ are invertible matrices.)

 
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Quiz 10. Find Orthogonal Basis / Find Value of Linear Transformation

Problem 356

(a) Let $S=\{\mathbf{v}_1, \mathbf{v}_2\}$ be the set of the following vectors in $\R^4$.
\[\mathbf{v}_1=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
0 \\
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix} \text{ and } \mathbf{v}_2=\begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1 \\
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix}.\] Find an orthogonal basis of the subspace $\Span(S)$ of $\R^4$.

 
(b) Let $T:\R^2 \to \R^3$ be a linear transformation such that
\[T(\mathbf{e}_1)=\mathbf{u}_1 \text{ and } T(\mathbf{e}_2)=\mathbf{u}_2,\] where $\{\mathbf{e}_1, \mathbf{e}_2\}$ is the standard unit vectors of $\R^2$ and
\[\mathbf{u}_1=\begin{bmatrix}
5 \\
1 \\
2
\end{bmatrix} \text{ and } \mathbf{u}_2=\begin{bmatrix}
8 \\
2 \\
6
\end{bmatrix}.\] Then find
\[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
3 \\
-2
\end{bmatrix} \,\right).\]

 
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Find a General Formula of a Linear Transformation From $\R^2$ to $\R^3$

Problem 353

Suppose that $T: \R^2 \to \R^3$ is a linear transformation satisfying
\[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
2
\end{bmatrix}\,\right)=\begin{bmatrix}
3 \\
4 \\
5
\end{bmatrix} \text{ and } T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1
\end{bmatrix} \,\right)=\begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
0 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}.\] Find a general formula for
\[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2
\end{bmatrix} \,\right).\]

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Math 2568 Exam Problem)

 
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Quiz 9. Find a Basis of the Subspace Spanned by Four Matrices

Problem 349

Let $V$ be the vector space of all $2\times 2$ real matrices.
Let $S=\{A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4\}$, where
\[A_1=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 2\\
-1& 3
\end{bmatrix}, A_2=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & -1\\
1& 4
\end{bmatrix}, A_3=\begin{bmatrix}
-1 & 0\\
1& -10
\end{bmatrix}, A_4=\begin{bmatrix}
3 & 7\\
-2& 6
\end{bmatrix}.\] Then find a basis for the span $\Span(S)$.

 
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Quiz 8. Determine Subsets are Subspaces: Functions Taking Integer Values / Set of Skew-Symmetric Matrices

Problem 328

(a) Let $C[-1,1]$ be the vector space over $\R$ of all real-valued continuous functions defined on the interval $[-1, 1]$.
Consider the subset $F$ of $C[-1, 1]$ defined by
\[F=\{ f(x)\in C[-1, 1] \mid f(0) \text{ is an integer}\}.\] Prove or disprove that $F$ is a subspace of $C[-1, 1]$.

(b) Let $n$ be a positive integer.
An $n\times n$ matrix $A$ is called skew-symmetric if $A^{\trans}=-A$.
Let $M_{n\times n}$ be the vector space over $\R$ of all $n\times n$ real matrices.
Consider the subset $W$ of $M_{n\times n}$ defined by
\[W=\{A\in M_{n\times n} \mid A \text{ is skew-symmetric}\}.\] Prove or disprove that $W$ is a subspace of $M_{n\times n}$.

 
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Quiz 6. Determine Vectors in Null Space, Range / Find a Basis of Null Space

Problem 313

(a) Let $A=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 2 & 1 \\
3 &6 &4
\end{bmatrix}$ and let
\[\mathbf{a}=\begin{bmatrix}
-3 \\
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}, \qquad \mathbf{b}=\begin{bmatrix}
-2 \\
1 \\
0
\end{bmatrix}, \qquad \mathbf{c}=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}.\] For each of the vectors $\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{b}, \mathbf{c}$, determine whether the vector is in the null space $\calN(A)$. Do the same for the range $\calR(A)$.

(b) Find a basis of the null space of the matrix $B=\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 1 & 2 \\
-2 &-2 &-4
\end{bmatrix}$.

 
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Quiz 5: Example and Non-Example of Subspaces in 3-Dimensional Space

Problem 304

Problem 1 Let $W$ be the subset of the $3$-dimensional vector space $\R^3$ defined by
\[W=\left\{ \mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2 \\
x_3
\end{bmatrix}\in \R^3 \quad \middle| \quad 2x_1x_2=x_3 \right\}.\]

(a) Which of the following vectors are in the subset $W$? Choose all vectors that belong to $W$.
\[(1) \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
0 \\
0
\end{bmatrix} \qquad(2) \begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
2 \\
2
\end{bmatrix} \qquad(3)\begin{bmatrix}
3 \\
0 \\
0
\end{bmatrix} \qquad(4) \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
0
\end{bmatrix} \qquad(5) \begin{bmatrix}
1 & 2 & 4 \\
1 &2 &4
\end{bmatrix} \qquad(6) \begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
-1 \\
-2
\end{bmatrix}.\]

(b) Determine whether $W$ is a subspace of $\R^3$ or not.
 


Problem 2 Let $W$ be the subset of $\R^3$ defined by
\[W=\left\{ \mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2 \\
x_3
\end{bmatrix} \in \R^3 \quad \middle| \quad x_1=3x_2 \text{ and } x_3=0 \right\}.\] Determine whether the subset $W$ is a subspace of $\R^3$ or not.

 
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Solve a System by the Inverse Matrix and Compute $A^{2017}\mathbf{x}$

Problem 300

Let $A$ be the coefficient matrix of the system of linear equations
\begin{align*}
-x_1-2x_2&=1\\
2x_1+3x_2&=-1.
\end{align*}

(a) Solve the system by finding the inverse matrix $A^{-1}$.

(b) Let $\mathbf{x}=\begin{bmatrix}
x_1 \\
x_2
\end{bmatrix}$ be the solution of the system obtained in part (a).
Calculate and simplify
\[A^{2017}\mathbf{x}.\]

(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm Exam Problem)
 
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