Number Theoretical Problem Proved by Group Theory. $a^{2^n}+b^{2^n}\equiv 0 \pmod{p}$ Implies $2^{n+1}|p-1$.
Problem 344
Let $a, b$ be relatively prime integers and let $p$ be a prime number.
Suppose that we have
\[a^{2^n}+b^{2^n}\equiv 0 \pmod{p}\]
for some positive integer $n$.
Then prove that $2^{n+1}$ divides $p-1$.
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