(a) If $AB=B$, then $B$ is the identity matrix. (b) If the coefficient matrix $A$ of the system $A\mathbf{x}=\mathbf{b}$ is invertible, then the system has infinitely many solutions. (c) If $A$ is invertible, then $ABA^{-1}=B$. (d) If $A$ is an idempotent nonsingular matrix, then $A$ must be the identity matrix. (e) If $x_1=0, x_2=0, x_3=1$ is a solution to a homogeneous system of linear equation, then the system has infinitely many solutions.
Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ nonsingular matrix. Let $\mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}$ be linearly independent vectors in $\R^n$. Prove that the vectors $A\mathbf{v}$ and $A\mathbf{w}$ are linearly independent.
Let $A$ and $B$ be $3\times 3$ matrices and let $C=A-2B$.
If
\[A\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
3 \\
5
\end{bmatrix}=B\begin{bmatrix}
2 \\
6 \\
10
\end{bmatrix},\]
then is the matrix $C$ nonsingular? If so, prove it. Otherwise, explain why not.
Let $A, B, C$ be $n\times n$ invertible matrices. When you simplify the expression
\[C^{-1}(AB^{-1})^{-1}(CA^{-1})^{-1}C^2,\]
which matrix do you get?
(a) $A$
(b) $C^{-1}A^{-1}BC^{-1}AC^2$
(c) $B$
(d) $C^2$
(e) $C^{-1}BC$
(f) $C$
Determine whether the function $T:\R^2 \to \R^3$ defined by
\[T\left(\, \begin{bmatrix}
x \\
y
\end{bmatrix} \,\right)
=
\begin{bmatrix}
x_+y \\
x+1 \\
3y
\end{bmatrix}\]
is a linear transformation.
Let $\calP_3$ be the vector space of all polynomials of degree $3$ or less.
Let
\[S=\{p_1(x), p_2(x), p_3(x), p_4(x)\},\]
where
\begin{align*}
p_1(x)&=1+3x+2x^2-x^3 & p_2(x)&=x+x^3\\
p_3(x)&=x+x^2-x^3 & p_4(x)&=3+8x+8x^3.
\end{align*}
(a) Find a basis $Q$ of the span $\Span(S)$ consisting of polynomials in $S$.
(b) For each polynomial in $S$ that is not in $Q$, find the coordinate vector with respect to the basis $Q$.
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm)
Let $V$ be a vector space and $B$ be a basis for $V$.
Let $\mathbf{w}_1, \mathbf{w}_2, \mathbf{w}_3, \mathbf{w}_4, \mathbf{w}_5$ be vectors in $V$.
Suppose that $A$ is the matrix whose columns are the coordinate vectors of $\mathbf{w}_1, \mathbf{w}_2, \mathbf{w}_3, \mathbf{w}_4, \mathbf{w}_5$ with respect to the basis $B$.
After applying the elementary row operations to $A$, we obtain the following matrix in reduced row echelon form
\[\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0 & 2 & 1 & 0 \\
0 & 1 & 3 & 0 & 1 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0
\end{bmatrix}.\]
(a) What is the dimension of $V$?
(b) What is the dimension of $\Span\{\mathbf{w}_1, \mathbf{w}_2, \mathbf{w}_3, \mathbf{w}_4, \mathbf{w}_5\}$?
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm)
Let $C[-2\pi, 2\pi]$ be the vector space of all continuous functions defined on the interval $[-2\pi, 2\pi]$.
Consider the functions \[f(x)=\sin^2(x) \text{ and } g(x)=\cos^2(x)\]
in $C[-2\pi, 2\pi]$.
Prove or disprove that the functions $f(x)$ and $g(x)$ are linearly independent.
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm)
Let $W$ be a subspace of $\R^4$ with a basis
\[\left\{\, \begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
0 \\
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix}, \begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
1 \\
1 \\
1
\end{bmatrix} \,\right\}.\]
Find an orthonormal basis of $W$.
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm)
Let $V$ be the vector space of all $2\times 2$ matrices whose entries are real numbers.
Let
\[W=\left\{\, A\in V \quad \middle | \quad A=\begin{bmatrix}
a & b\\
c& -a
\end{bmatrix} \text{ for any } a, b, c\in \R \,\right\}.\]
(a) Show that $W$ is a subspace of $V$.
(b) Find a basis of $W$.
(c) Find the dimension of $W$.
(The Ohio State University, Linear Algebra Midterm)
The following problems are Midterm 1 problems of Linear Algebra (Math 2568) at the Ohio State University in Autumn 2017.
There were 9 problems that covered Chapter 1 of our textbook (Johnson, Riess, Arnold).
The time limit was 55 minutes.
This post is Part 3 and contains Problem 7, 8, and 9.
Check out Part 1 and Part 2 for the rest of the exam problems.
Problem 7. Let $A=\begin{bmatrix}
-3 & -4\\
8& 9
\end{bmatrix}$ and $\mathbf{v}=\begin{bmatrix}
-1 \\
2
\end{bmatrix}$.
(a) Calculate $A\mathbf{v}$ and find the number $\lambda$ such that $A\mathbf{v}=\lambda \mathbf{v}$.
(b) Without forming $A^3$, calculate the vector $A^3\mathbf{v}$.
Problem 8. Prove that if $A$ and $B$ are $n\times n$ nonsingular matrices, then the product $AB$ is also nonsingular.
Problem 9.
Determine whether each of the following sentences is true or false.
(a) There is a $3\times 3$ homogeneous system that has exactly three solutions.
(b) If $A$ and $B$ are $n\times n$ symmetric matrices, then the sum $A+B$ is also symmetric.
(c) If $n$-dimensional vectors $\mathbf{v}_1, \mathbf{v}_2, \mathbf{v}_3$ are linearly dependent, then the vectors $\mathbf{v}_1, \mathbf{v}_2, \mathbf{v}_3, \mathbf{v}_4$ is also linearly dependent for any $n$-dimensional vector $\mathbf{v}_4$.
(d) If the coefficient matrix of a system of linear equations is singular, then the system is inconsistent.
The following problems are Midterm 1 problems of Linear Algebra (Math 2568) at the Ohio State University in Autumn 2017.
There were 9 problems that covered Chapter 1 of our textbook (Johnson, Riess, Arnold).
The time limit was 55 minutes.
This post is Part 2 and contains Problem 4, 5, and 6.
Check out Part 1 and Part 3 for the rest of the exam problems.
Problem 4. Let
\[\mathbf{a}_1=\begin{bmatrix}
1 \\
2 \\
3
\end{bmatrix}, \mathbf{a}_2=\begin{bmatrix}
2 \\
-1 \\
4
\end{bmatrix}, \mathbf{b}=\begin{bmatrix}
0 \\
a \\
2
\end{bmatrix}.\]
Find all the values for $a$ so that the vector $\mathbf{b}$ is a linear combination of vectors $\mathbf{a}_1$ and $\mathbf{a}_2$.
Problem 5.
Find the inverse matrix of
\[A=\begin{bmatrix}
0 & 0 & 2 & 0 \\
0 &1 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 0 & 0 & 1
\end{bmatrix}\]
if it exists. If you think there is no inverse matrix of $A$, then give a reason.
Problem 6.
Consider the system of linear equations
\begin{align*}
3x_1+2x_2&=1\\
5x_1+3x_2&=2.
\end{align*}
(a) Find the coefficient matrix $A$ of the system.
(b) Find the inverse matrix of the coefficient matrix $A$.
(c) Using the inverse matrix of $A$, find the solution of the system.
(Linear Algebra Midterm Exam 1, the Ohio State University)
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